ANAF SPV: how the Virtual Private Space works for e-invoicing and e-transport
In short: SPV (Spațiul Privat Virtual) is the official channel Romanian companies use to exchange fiscal documents with ANAF. Access requires a qualified digital certificate, and high volumes are handled through the ANAF APIs rather than the web interface.
Key capabilities
- Enrolment and mandate: The company enrols with a qualified digital certificate; a mandate lets a service provider submit on its behalf.
- OAuth authentication: API integration uses an OAuth token issued from the certificate and refreshed automatically.
- High-volume submission: Hundreds or thousands of invoices per day instead of manual file-by-file uploads.
- Inbound document retrieval: Periodic polling for new messages and automatic download of supplier invoices.
- Audit trail: Every API call is logged with timestamp, index and result, ready for a tax inspection.
- Failure alerting: Notifications when a token expires, a submission fails or an invoice is rejected.
The web interface does not scale
A handful of invoices per month can be uploaded manually. Beyond that, every file has to be generated, uploaded, tracked and downloaded separately, and proof of submission has to be stored by hand.
At 200 invoices a month this is close to a part-time job. API automation removes the manual step and, more importantly, the risk of an invoice never being submitted on time.
What a mature flow checks
A robust integration does not stop at submission: it polls for status, handles rejections, retries technical failures and reports daily on invoices that never reached a final state.
- Automatic authentication token renewal
- Controlled retries with an attempt limit
- Daily report of invoices with no ANAF response
- Certificate expiry alerts
Frequently asked questions
What is ANAF SPV?
The Virtual Private Space is the ANAF platform through which taxpayers communicate electronically with the tax authority: e-invoicing, e-transport, returns and notifications.
Do I need a digital certificate?
Yes. Access requires a qualified digital certificate issued by an accredited provider and linked to a legal representative or an authorised person.
Can I submit invoices without logging into SPV?
Yes. The ANAF APIs allow automated submission from an ERP or an intermediate platform using token authentication.
What happens when the certificate expires?
Submissions fail until it is renewed. A well-configured system alerts several weeks before expiry.
Can an external provider submit for me?
Yes, based on a mandate registered in SPV. Fiscal responsibility stays with the taxpayer.